Common sense of power supply and distribution
Writer： Hengfeng you electric Time：2023-03-31 views：times
Common sense of power supply and distribution
Traditionally, the power system is divided into four systems: power supply, transmission, distribution and power consumption. By power supply and distribution, we mainly refer to power supply system and distribution system.
1、 Power supply system is a power system that converts all kinds of primary energy contained in nature into electric energy (secondary energy). It is mainly divided into hydraulic power generation, thermal power generation, nuclear power generation, solar power generation, wind power generation, garbage power generation, space power generation, geothermal power generation, etc
2、 The distribution system refers to the section of the power system from the step-down distribution substation (high-voltage distribution substation below 35KV) to the user end, which is called the distribution system. Distribution system is a power network system composed of a variety of distribution equipment (or components) and distribution facilities to transform voltage and directly distribute electric energy to end users.
3、 Qingdao hengfengyou Electric is a professional enterprise focusing on the production and sales of power system distribution equipment below 40.5kV. Today, we focus on sharing the common sense of distribution system:
A. Distribution system classification:
It can be divided into three parts: high voltage distribution system, medium voltage distribution system and low voltage distribution system.
As the last link of the power system, the distribution system directly faces the end users. Its perfection is directly related to the power reliability and power quality of the majority of users, so it plays an important role in the power system.
B. Composition of power distribution system:
High and low voltage distribution lines, substations (including distribution stations) and electrical equipment.
1. High and low voltage distribution line: the line that sends power from the step-down substation to the distribution transformer or the power from the distribution substation to the power user. The voltage of distribution line is 3.6kV ~ 40.5kV, which is called high-voltage distribution line;
The distribution voltage shall not exceed 1kV, the frequency shall not exceed 1000Hz, and the DC shall not exceed 1500V, which is called low-voltage distribution line. The construction of distribution lines requires safety and reliability, maintaining power supply continuity, reducing line loss, improving transmission efficiency and ensuring good power quality.
2. Substation: a place in the power system where voltage and current are transformed, electric energy is received and distributed. The substation in the power plant is a step-up substation, which is used to boost the electric energy sent by the generator and feed it to the high-voltage power grid.
The electrical equipment in the substation is divided into primary equipment and secondary equipment. Primary equipment refers to the equipment that directly produces, transmits, distributes and uses electric energy, and secondary equipment refers to the equipment that measures, monitors, controls and protects the operating conditions of primary equipment and system.
3. Electric equipment: according to the purpose, electric equipment can be divided into power equipment, process equipment, electric heating equipment, experimental equipment and lighting equipment.
C. Transformer operation mode of distribution system:
The safe operation management of distribution transformer is the focus of our daily work. Through the experience summary of abnormal operation and common fault analysis of distribution transformer, it will be helpful to timely and accurately judge the cause and nature of fault, and take effective measures in time to ensure the safe operation of equipment.
Distribution transformer is an extremely important electrical equipment in the transmission and distribution system. According to the operation and maintenance management regulations, the transformer must be inspected regularly, so as to understand and master the operation of the transformer in time, take effective measures in time, and strive to eliminate the fault in the bud, so as to ensure the safe operation of the transformer.
Abnormal operation and common faults of distribution transformer are as follows:
1、 Abnormal sound of transformer.
2、 Under normal load and normal cooling mode, the oil temperature of transformer rises continuously.
3、 The color of transformer insulating oil changes significantly.
4、 Oil injection occurs in the conservator or explosion-proof pipe.
5、 Three phase voltage imbalance occurs.
6、 Action of relay protection.
7、 Flashover and explosion of insulating porcelain bushing.
8、 Failure of tap changer.
